Which river is essential for Egypt's water and fertility?

• A. Nile River
• B. Volga River
• C. Danube River
• D. Rhine River

Answer: (A)

The essential idea is how a river provides water and nutrient-rich soil that enable farming in an arid region. For Egypt, the Nile does exactly that: its yearly floods deposit fertile silt along the valley, creating arable land and enabling irrigation so crops can grow even with scarce rainfall. This reliable water source has supported agriculture, daily life, and the growth of civilizations in Egypt for millennia. The other rivers listed are European and do not feed Egypt's lands, so they do not contribute to its water supply or soil fertility. Therefore, the Nile is the river that sustains Egypt's water and fertility.